Italy (Europe & Russia)

Includes the following destinations: Sardinia and Sicily

Immunisations Malaria Other Health Risks News

Advice for All Destinations

The risks to health whilst travelling will vary between individuals and many issues need to be taken into account, e.g. activities abroad, length of stay and general health of the traveller. It is recommended that you consult with your General Practitioner or Practice Nurse 6-8 weeks in advance of travel. They will assess your particular health risks before recommending vaccines and /or antimalarial tablets. This is also a good opportunity to discuss important travel health issues including safe food and water, accidents, sun exposure and insect bites. Many of the problems experienced by travellers cannot be prevented by vaccinations and other preventive measures need to be taken.

Measles occurs worldwide and is common in developing countries. The pre-travel consultation is a good opportunity to check that you are immune, either by previous immunisation or natural measles infection.

Ensure you are fully insured for medical emergencies including repatriation. UK travellers visiting other European Union countries should also carry the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) as it entitles travellers to reduced cost, sometimes free, medical treatment in most European countries. Online applications normally arrive within seven days. Applications may also be made by telephone on 0845 606 2030 or by post using the form which can be downloaded from the website.

For Travel Safety Advice you should visit the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office website.

A worldwide list of clinics, run by members of the International Society of Travel Medicine is availble on the ISTM website.

Immunisations

  • Confirm primary courses and boosters are up to date as recommended for life in Britain - including for example, vaccines required for occupational risk of exposure, lifestyle risks and underlying medical conditions.
  • Courses or boosters usually advised: none.
  • Other vaccines to consider: tetanus; tick-borne encephalitis.
  • No vaccine certificate required.

Notes on the diseases mentioned above

  • Tetanus is contracted through dirty cuts and scratches and causes a serious infection of the nervous system. A total of 5 doses of tetanus vaccine is recommended for life in the UK. Tetanus vaccine is usually recommended for travellers who will be in a country or situation where the correct treatment of a tetanus prone injury may not be readily available. 
  • Tick-borne encephalitis is spread by tick bites. It is a serious infection of the brain and vaccination is advised for those in risk areas unable to avoid tick bites such as campers, forestry workers and ramblers.

Malaria

  • Malaria not normally present unless the illness was contracted abroad.

Other Health Risks

Very High Altitude

This country has areas with high altitude (altitude of 2400m or more) and very high altitude (altitude of 3658m or more). Travellers who may go into areas of high or very high altitude should take care to avoid ill effects of being at altitude including Acute Mountain Sickness, a potentially life-threatening condition. For further information see Altitude and Travel.

 Note: 

  • Rabies Italy was declared rabies free in 1995, however rabies was reported in two foxes in Oct 2008 in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia Region of north-eastern Italy, close to the borders with Austria and Slovenia.
  • Since then rabies continues to be reported in the north-east of the country in three regions; Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Provincia autonoma di Trento. More than 180 animal cases have been recorded since 2008, mostly foxes, although other animals have been affected; badgers, deer, cats and donkeys. Most of the cases have been identified in the Veneto region where numbers have increased significantly in 2010.
  • Map of Italy
  • This area of Italy is forested and alpine and not a common tourist destination. Visitors to this area should avoid all animal contact; those at particular risk eg climbers, hikers, campers or forestry workers may wish to consider pre-exposure rabies vaccination.
  • No animal or bat bite should be ignored and immediate first-aid and cleansing of the wound is essential. Local medical advice should always be sought following any incident.